2013年2月4日星期一

NASA Captures Solar Flux Rope

NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) observed something somewhat unexpected during a solar eruption last July, a solar flare occurred without a CME eruption, but with a flux rope. It's long been theorized that CMEs are the result of magnetic field lines on the Sun twisting and kinking, but the process hasn't really been observed until now.Vertical shaft impact crusher"The plasma glowed brightly in extreme ultraviolet images from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) aboard NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) and scientists were able to watch for the first time the very formation of something they had long theorized was at the heart of many eruptive events on the sun: a flux rope."And then, 8 hours after that, "the same region flared again.An expedition along this historic trading route allows you to retrace the paths of silk road travel and Marco Polo as well as experience a modern-day once-in-a-lifetime trek that takes you through the breadth of Chinese culture and landscapes. This time the flux rope's connection to the sun was severed, and the magnetic fields escaped into space, dragging billions of tons of solar material along for the ride — a classic CME.In order to keep your scissors wholesale, use them only for cutting and chopping. Very often, we are tempted to use them as a pry bar or a can opener which can damage the edges of knives.""Seeing this structure was amazing," says Angelos Vourlidas, a solar scientist at the Naval Research Laboratory in Washington, D.C.The artisans participating in the festival engage in many interesting activities, besides selling their travel xinjiang. You will be able to enjoy live performances, and eat some tasty pilaf and shish kebab. "It looks exactly like the cartoon sketches theorists have been drawing of flux ropes since the 1970s.Investing in quality cooking knives, tools and wholesale manicure products is going to be a life-long occupation. That said, you don't need to mortgage the house to buy quality cooking knives if you know what to look for. It was a series of figure eights lined up to look like a giant slinky on the sun." These are the first direct observations that we have of CME creation, potentially providing great insight into these infrastructure-endangering eruptions. "Such flux ropes have been seen in images of CMEs as they fly away from the sun, but it's never been known — indeed, has been strongly debated — whether the flux rope formed before or in conjunction with a CME's launch. This case shows a clear-cut example of the flux rope forming ahead of time."According to the researchers, being able to spot these precursors to CMEs will perhaps lead to better predictive ability. "By telling us when and where flux ropes will erupt," Pesnell says. "SDO helps us predict a major source of space weather.""Scientific research is always a dance between hypothesis and experimental confirmation, and the history of the flux rope is no exception. Plasma physicists suggested that such coils of magnetic field lines were at the heart of flares in the 1970s and spacecraft near Earth provided in-situ measurements that occasionally traced out helical structures inside CMEs. Later, the flux ropes were spotted in images of CMEs captured by the joint ESA/NASA Solar Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) — which launched in 1995 — using the mission's Large Angle and Spectrometric Coronagraph (LASCO), a telescope that blocks out the bright light of the solar disk in order to better see the tenuous corona around it. They are now a regular appearance on coronagraph and heliospheric imaging observations."

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